Indication of Subcarrier Spacing Numerology

ABSTRACT

A method for communications is proposed. The method may comprise receiving a signaling message from a network node. The signaling message may indicate a subcarrier spacing numerology for a synchronization signal transmission. The method may further comprise determining the subcarrier spacing numerology, based at least in part on the signaling message.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure generally relates to communication networks, andmore specifically, to a subcarrier spacing numerology in a communicationnetwork.

BACKGROUND

This section introduces aspects that may facilitate a betterunderstanding of the disclosure. Accordingly, the statements of thissection are to be read in this light and are not to be understood asadmissions about what is in the prior art or what is not in the priorart.

Communication service providers and network operators have beencontinually facing challenges to deliver value and convenience toconsumers by, for example, providing compelling network services andperformance. With the rapid development of networking and communicationtechnologies, a terminal device may be connected to different wirelesscommunication networks, such as a long term evolution (LTE)/fourthgeneration (4G) network or a new radio (NR)/fifth generation (5G)network, to obtain multiple types of services. In order to connect to anetwork, a terminal device may need to acquire network synchronizationand obtain essential system information (SI). For example, a terminaldevice may need to do frequency sweeping for an initial access based onprimary synchronization signal (PSS) sequences in different supportedfrequency bands. However, more than one subcarrier spacing (SCS)numerology might be applied at the same time for the synchronizationsignal transmission, which may increase the complexity of detectingsynchronization signals for the terminal device. Thus, it may bedesirable to improve the synchronization signal detection in a moreefficient way.

SUMMARY

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the detaileddescription. This summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended tobe used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

A wireless communication network such as a NR/5G network may be able tosupport flexible network configuration and channel bandwidth. DifferentSCS numerologies or values may be deployed for a synchronization signaland physical broadcast channel block (which is also known as a SS/PBCHblock or a SSB for short). When one or more SCS numerologies might beapplied at the same time for different frequency bands, a terminaldevice may have to try more than one SCS for a SSB when accessing a NRcell. Therefore, there may be a need to implement the detection of theSSB more efficiently.

The present disclosure proposes a solution for indicating a SCSnumerology of a SS transmission, which can enable a terminal device todetect the SS transmission via only one SCS per band without trying morethan one SCS, for example, when accessing a NR cell.

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provideda method implemented at a terminal device such as user equipment (UE).The method may comprise receiving a signaling message from a networknode. The signaling message may indicate a SCS numerology for a SStransmission. The method may further comprise determining the SCSnumerology, based at least in part on the signaling message.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the method according to thefirst aspect of the present disclosure may further comprise detectingthe SS transmission according to the determined SCS numerology.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there isprovided an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise one or more processorsand one or more memories comprising computer program codes. The one ormore memories and the computer program codes may be configured to, withthe one or more processors, cause the apparatus at least to perform anystep of the method according to the first aspect of the presentdisclosure.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provideda computer-readable medium having computer program codes embodiedthereon which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer toperform any step of the method according to the first aspect of thepresent disclosure.

According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there isprovided an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise a receiving unit and adetermining unit. In accordance with some exemplary embodiments, thereceiving unit may be operable to carry out at least the receiving stepof the method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.The determining unit may be operable to carry out at least thedetermining step of the method according to the first aspect of thepresent disclosure.

According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provideda method implemented at a network node such as a base station. Themethod may comprise determining a signaling message which may indicatesa SCS numerology for a SS transmission. The method may further comprisetransmitting the signaling message to a terminal device.

According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is providedan apparatus. The apparatus may comprise one or more processors and oneor more memories comprising computer program codes. The one or morememories and the computer program codes may be configured to, with theone or more processors, cause the apparatus at least to perform any stepof the method according to the fifth aspect of the present disclosure.

According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there isprovided a computer-readable medium having computer program codesembodied thereon which, when executed on a computer, cause the computerto perform any step of the method according to the fifth aspect of thepresent disclosure.

According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there isprovided an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise a determining unit anda transmitting unit. In accordance with some exemplary embodiments, thedetermining unit may be operable to carry out at least the determiningstep of the method according to the fifth aspect of the presentdisclosure. The transmitting unit may be operable to carry out at leastthe transmitting step of the method according to the fifth aspect of thepresent disclosure.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the signaling message maycomprise a broadcast signaling message. Optionally, the signalingmessage may comprise an information element associated with cellreselection.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the signaling message maycomprise a dedicated signaling message for the terminal device.Optionally, the signaling message may comprise an information elementassociated with frequency measurement.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the signaling message maycomprise an indicator for indicating the SCS numerology for the SStransmission in a specified frequency band.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the SCS may be applicablefor a new radio carrier. Optionally, the SCS numerology may be adaptiveto a network configuration related to the terminal device.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the signaling message may bea radio resource control (RRC) connection reconfiguration message.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the signaling message maycomprise a MeasObjectNR information element that indicates the SCSnumerology for the SS transmission.

According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provideda communication system. The communication system may include a hostcomputer comprising a processing circuitry configured to provide userdata and a communication interface configured to forward user data to acellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE). The UE maycomprise a radio interface and a processing circuitry. The UE'sprocessing circuitry may be configured to cause the UE at least toperform any step of the method according to the first aspect of thepresent disclosure.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the cellular network maycomprise a base station having a radio interface and processingcircuitry. The base station's processing circuitry may be configured tocause the base station at least to perform any step of the methodaccording to the fifth aspect of the present disclosure.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the communication systemaccording to the ninth aspect of the present disclosure may furtherinclude the UE. The cellular network may further include the basestation configured to communicate with the UE.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the processing circuitry ofthe host computer may be configured to execute a host application,thereby providing the user data. The UE's processing circuitry may beconfigured to execute a client application associated with the hostapplication.

According to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provideda communication system. The communication system may include acommunication interface configured to receive user data originating froma transmission from a UE to a base station. The UE may comprise a radiointerface and a processing circuitry. The UE's processing circuitry maybe configured to cause the UE at least to perform any step of the methodaccording to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the communication systemaccording to the tenth aspect of the present disclosure may furtherinclude the UE which is configured to communicate with the base station.The communication system may further include the base station whichcomprises a radio interface configured to communicate with the UE and acommunication interface configured to forward to the host computer theuser data carried by a transmission from the UE to the base station.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the base station maycomprise a processing circuitry which is configured to cause the basestation at least to perform any step of the method according to thefifth aspect of the present disclosure.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the processing circuitry ofthe host computer may be configured to execute a host application. TheUE's processing circuitry may be configured to execute a clientapplication associated with the host application, thereby providing theuser data to be received by the host computer.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the processing circuitry ofthe host computer may be configured to execute a host application,thereby providing request data. The UE's processing circuitry may beconfigured to execute a client application associated with the hostapplication, thereby providing the user data in response to the requestdata.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The disclosure itself, the preferable mode of use and further objectivesare best understood by reference to the following detailed descriptionof the embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary SSB structure according toan embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary SS burst set transmissionaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method according to someembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating another method according to someembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus according to someembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating another apparatus according tosome embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating yet another apparatus accordingto some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a telecommunication networkconnected via an intermediate network to a host computer in accordancewith some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a host computer communicating viaa base station with a UE over a partially wireless connection inaccordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment; and

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail withreference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood thatthese embodiments are discussed only for the purpose of enabling thoseskilled persons in the art to better understand and thus implement thepresent disclosure, rather than suggesting any limitations on the scopeof the present disclosure. Reference throughout this specification tofeatures, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of thefeatures and advantages that may be realized with the present disclosureshould be or are in any single embodiment of the disclosure. Rather,language referring to the features and advantages is understood to meanthat a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described inconnection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment ofthe present disclosure. Furthermore, the described features, advantages,and characteristics of the disclosure may be combined in any suitablemanner in one or more embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art willrecognize that the disclosure may be practiced without one or more ofthe specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In otherinstances, additional features and advantages may be recognized incertain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of thedisclosure.

As used herein, the term “wireless communication network” refers to anetwork following any suitable communication standards, such as NR,LTE-Advanced, LTE, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA),high-speed packet access (HSPA), and so on. Furthermore, thecommunications between a terminal device and a network node in thecommunication network may be performed according to any suitablegeneration communication protocols, including, but not limited to, thefirst generation (1G), the second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, thethird generation (3G), 4G, 4.5G, 5G communication protocols, and/or anyother protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future.

The term “network node” refers to a network device in a wirelesscommunication network via which a terminal device accesses to thenetwork and receives services therefrom. The network node may refer to abase station (BS), an access point (AP), multi-cell/multicastcoordination entity (MCE), a gateway, a server, a controller or anyother suitable device in a wireless communication network. The BS maybe, for example, a node B (NodeB or NB), an evolved NodeB (eNodeB oreNB), a next generation NodeB (gNodeB or gNB), a remote radio unit(RRU), a radio header (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), a relay, a lowpower node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth.

Yet further examples of the network node comprise multi-standard radio(MSR) radio equipment such as MSR BSs, network controllers such as radionetwork controllers (RNCs) or base station controllers (BSCs), basetransceiver stations (BTSs), transmission points, transmission nodes,positioning nodes and/or the like. More generally, however, the networknode may represent any suitable device (or group of devices) capable,configured, arranged, and/or operable to enable and/or provide aterminal device access to a wireless communication network or to providesome service to a terminal device that has accessed to the wirelesscommunication network.

The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that can access awireless communication network and receive services therefrom. By way ofexample and not limitation, the terminal device may refer to a mobileterminal, a user equipment (UE), or other suitable devices. The UE maybe, for example, a subscriber station, a portable subscriber station, amobile station (MS) or an access terminal (AT). The terminal device mayinclude, but not limited to, portable computers, image capture terminaldevices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storageand playback appliances, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a wearable device, a personal digital assistant (PDA),a vehicle, and the like.

The terminal device may support device-to-device (D2D) communication,for example by implementing a 3GPP standard for sidelink communication,and may in this case be referred to as a D2D communication device.

As yet another specific example, in an Internet of things (IoT)scenario, a terminal device may represent a machine or other device thatperforms monitoring and/or measurements, and transmits the results ofsuch monitoring and/or measurements to another terminal device and/or anetwork equipment. The terminal device may in this case be amachine-to-machine (M2M) device, which may in a 3GPP context be referredto as a machine type communication (MTC) device.

As one particular example, the terminal device may be a UE implementingthe 3GPP narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) standard. Particularexamples of such machines or devices are sensors, metering devices suchas power meters, industrial machinery, or home or personal appliances,e.g. refrigerators, televisions, personal wearables such as watches etc.In other scenarios, a terminal device may represent a vehicle or otherequipment, for example, a medical instrument that is capable ofmonitoring and/or reporting on its operational status or other functionsassociated with its operation.

As used herein, the terms “first”, “second” and so forth refer todifferent elements. The singular forms “a” and “an” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “has”, “having”,“includes” and/or “including” as used herein, specify the presence ofstated features, elements, and/or components and the like, but do notpreclude the presence or addition of one or more other features,elements, components and/or combinations thereof. The term “based on” isto be read as “based at least in part on”. The term “one embodiment” and“an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment”. The term“another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment”.Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.

As described previously, in order to connect to a wireless communicationnetwork, a terminal device may need to acquire network synchronizationand obtain essential SI. Synchronization signals may be used foradjusting the frequency of the terminal device relative the network, andfor finding the proper timing of the received signal from the network.In a wireless communication network such as NR, the synchronization andaccess procedure may involve several signals, for example, a primarysynchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH).

The PSS may allow for network detection in the presence of a highinitial frequency error, for example, up to tens of ppm. Additionally,the PSS may provide a network timing reference. For example, Zadoff-Chusequences may be selected as PSS signals in LTE and m-sequences may beselected as PSS signals in NR. The SSS may allow for more accuratefrequency adjustments and channel estimation while at the same timeproviding fundamental network information, such as a cell identifier(ID). The PBCH may provide a subset of the minimum system information(SI) for random access. It also may provide timing information within acell, for example, to separate timing between beams transmitted from acell. The amount of information to fit into the PBCH is of course highlylimited to keep the size down. Furthermore, demodulation referencesignals (DM-RS) may be interleaved with PBCH resources in order toreceive the PBCH properly. A SS/PBCH block or SSB as proposed for NR maycomprise the above signals such as PSS, SSS and the related DM-RS. Itcould be realized that the PBCH may be a part of the SSB.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary SSB structure according toan embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 1, fourorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols are reservedfor the exemplary SSB, which are denoted as “l₀”, “l₀+1”, “l₀+2” and“l₀+3” in FIG. 1, respectively. A SSB transmission may comprise NR-PSS,NR-SSS and NR-PBCH transmissions. In an exemplary embodiment, the NR-PSStransmission may be defined in 127 subcarriers wide whereas the whole SStransmission may be supposed to be in 240 subcarriers wide. FIG. 1 alsoshows that (24-X) physical resource blocks (PRBs) may be used for theNR-PBCH transmission, where 1 PRB corresponds to 12 subcarriers and Xmay be assumed to be 20 PRBs or any other suitable values.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary SS burst set transmissionaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure. According to theexemplary embodiment, a number of (typically rather close in time) SSBsmay constitute a SS burst set. As illustrated in FIG. 2, for a SCS of 15kHz with L=4 (where L is the maximum number of SSBs in a SS burst set),the first two slots may be used to transmit SSBs (for example, each slotfor two SSBs), while the remaining three slots may not be used for SSBtransmissions. Similarly, for a SCS of 15 kHz with L=8, the first fourslots may be used to transmit SSBs (for example, each slot for twoSSBs), while the last slot may not be used for SSB transmissions. FIG. 2also shows similar SS burst set transmissions for the cases of 30 kHz,120 kHz and 240 kHz SCSs.

According to an exemplary embodiment, a SS burst set may be transmittedperiodically. By using the SSBs in the SS burst set, a UE can determinethe downlink timing, frequency offset and/or the like, and acquire somefundamental system information from the PBCH. A NR UE in the idle modemay be configured to expect a SS burst set transmitted once per 20 ms.For an NR UE in the connected mode, it may be configured to expect a SSburst set transmitted as frequently as once per 5 ms. When the UE hasobtained downlink synchronization, it may know in which slots to expectSSB transmissions. Thus, the location of the SSB in a SS burst set mayneed to be provided to the UE to derive the subframe levelsynchronization.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, other possible SCS numerologies or values, forexample, the 30 kHz SCS, the 120 kHz SCS and the 240 kHz SCS, also maybe applicable to SSB transmissions. The term “numerology” may be used torefer to some parameters related to the radio resources for signaltransmissions, such as the SCS, the length or duration of a cyclicprefix (CP), the length or duration of an OFDM symbol, the number ofsymbols contained in a time slot, the time slot duration and/or thelike.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a parameter set (which maycomprise some default parameters related with a SCS, a sequence length,a NR-SS transmission bandwidth, etc.) may be associated with a specificSCS numerology and possible maximum transmission bandwidth for NR-PBCHdesign. For example, a first parameter set may be associated with the 15kHz SCS and the NR-PBCH transmission bandwidth no larger than 5 MHz, asecond parameter set may be associated with the 30 kHz SCS and theNR-PBCH transmission bandwidth no larger than 10 MHz, a third parameterset may be associated with the 120 kHz SCS and the NR-PBCH transmissionbandwidth no larger than 40 MHz, and the fourth parameter set may beassociated with the 240 kHz SCS and the NR-PBCH transmission bandwidthno larger than 80 MHz.

For an initial access, a UE may need to do frequency sweeping based onPSS sequences in different supported frequency bands. On the other hand,one or more SCS numerologies might be applied at the same time fordifferent frequency bands. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, awireless communication network such as NR may support network adaptationand indication of a SCS numerology used for a SSB, for example, fornon-standalone (NSA) carrier access. A NSA carrier is the carrier that aUE cannot access without network assistance information, for example,from a LTE network.

In case that the target NSA carrier is in below 6 GHz range, the networkmay adapt or select a 15 kHz or 30 kHz SCS for a SS transmission. Incase that the target NSA carrier is in above 6 GHz (for example, between6 GHz and 52.6 GHz) range, the network may adapt or select a 120 kHz or240 kHz SCS for a SS transmission. According to an exemplary embodiment,the network can indicate the selected SCS for the SS transmission to theUE. If there is no indication of the SCS numerology used for the SStransmission on the target NSA carrier, the UE can assume a default SCSnumerology for the SS transmission per frequency carrier.

Similar to the NSA scenario, one or more SCS numerologies per frequencyband also may be possible in the standalone (SA) scenario, for example,for some bands such as band 5 and band 66. If a UE always needs to trymore than one SCS when accessing a NR cell, the operation complexity ofthe UE may be quite high. The power consumption and the time required toaccess a NR cell for the UE also may be increased. In order to enablethe UE to find a single SCS per frequency band, it may be benefit thatthe network side could deliver information of the SCS numerology usedfor the SS transmission to the UE.

It is noted that some embodiments of the present disclosure are mainlydescribed in relation to LTE or NR specifications being used asnon-limiting examples for certain exemplary network configurations andsystem deployments. As such, the description of exemplary embodimentsgiven herein specifically refers to terminology which is directlyrelated thereto. Such terminology is only used in the context of thepresented non-limiting examples and embodiments, and does naturally notlimit the present disclosure in any way. Rather, any other systemconfiguration or radio technologies may equally be utilized as long asexemplary embodiments described herein are applicable.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method 300 according to someembodiments of the present disclosure. The method 300 illustrated inFIG. 3 may be performed by an apparatus implemented in a terminal deviceor communicatively coupled to a terminal device. In accordance with theexemplary embodiment, the terminal device may comprise a UE, a mobilestation, a wireless device, a PDA, a laptop computer, a tablet computer,a smart phone, a portable device, a MTC device, or any other user devicebeing capable of participating in communication of a wireless network.

According to the exemplary method 300 illustrated in FIG. 3, theterminal device may receive a signaling message from a network node suchas an eNB or a gNB, as shown in block 302. For example, the signalingmessage may indicate a SCS numerology for a SS transmission. Inaccordance with an exemplary embodiment, the SCS numerology may beapplicable for a NR carrier. Based at least in part on the signalingmessage, the terminal device can determine the SCS numerology, as shownin block 304.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the signaling message maycomprise a broadcast signaling message. For example, the broadcastsignaling message may comprise a radio resource control (RRC) broadcastsignaling from the network node. Optionally, the signaling message maycomprise an information element associated with cell reselection, suchas a LTE system information block type 2N (SIB 2N) information elementfor inter-radio access technologies (inter-RAT) cell reselection to NR.

Alternatively, the signaling message may comprise a dedicated signalingmessage for the terminal device. For example, dedicated signalingmessage may comprise a RRC dedicated signaling from the network node.Optionally, the signaling message may comprise an information elementassociated with frequency measurement, such as a LTE measurement objectNR (MeasObjectNR) information element in a RRC connectionreconfiguration message.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the signaling message maycomprise an indicator for indicating the SCS numerology for the SStransmission in a specified frequency band, for example, in a band below6 GHz or above 6 GHz. The indicator of the SCS numerology may be one ormore newly defined bits, reserved bits or reused bits in the signalingmessage. Different values of the indicator may be used to indicatedifferent SCS numerologies.

In an exemplary embodiment for the NSA scenario, an indicator may bedefined to indicate the SCS numerology in a RRC broadcast signaling suchas a RRC LTE SIB 2N for inter-RAT cell reselection to NR. Alternatively,an indicator may be defined to indicate the SCS numerology in a RRCdedicated signaling such as a LTE MeasObjectNR in a RRC connectionreconfiguration message, for example, when a LTE eNB ask a UE to measurea NR frequency.

In an exemplary embodiment for the SA scenario, an indicator may bedefined to indicate the SCS numerology in a RRC dedicated signaling fora SA non-initial access of a UE. For example, the indicator of the SCSnumerology may be added in a MeasObjectNR information element of a RRCconnection reconfiguration message by a gNB serving the UE, so that theUE can know the SCS numerology for the SS transmission on the frequencythat the gNB wants the UE to measure. For a SA initial access, the UEmay blindly detect more than one SCS. For example, the UE may try todetect both 15 kHz SCS and 30 kHz SCS for a band below 6 GHz, or both120 kHz and 240 kHz for a band above 6 GHz.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the terminal device asdescribed in connection with FIG. 3 may detect the SS transmissionaccording to the determined SCS numerology. It will be realized that theterminal device may use a default SCS numerology if there is nosignaling message broadcasted or no dedicated signaling message receivedfrom the network node.

It can be seen that the proposed solution can support to indicate asingle SCS numerology for a SS transmission in a scenario where morethan one SCS numerology may be applicable for the SS transmission.Therefore, the terminal device such as a UE may be able to detect a NRcell via only one SCS per band. In this way, the operation complexity ofthe UE may be reduced. In addition, the power consumption and the timerequired to access a NR cell may be saved for the UE.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method 400 according to someembodiments of the present disclosure. The method 400 illustrated inFIG. 4 may be performed by an apparatus implemented in a network node orcommunicatively coupled to a network node. In accordance with theexemplary embodiment, the network node may comprise an eNB, a gNB or anyother network device being capable of participating in communication ofa wireless network.

Corresponding to operations of the exemplary method 300 as illustratedin FIG. 3, the network node in the exemplary method 400 may determine asignaling message which indicates a SCS numerology for a SStransmission, as shown in block 402. Then the network node may transmitthe signaling message to a terminal device as described in connectionwith FIG. 3. As mentioned previously, an indicator may be contained inthe signaling message for indicating the SCS numerology for the SStransmission in a specified frequency band. The indicated SCS numerologymay be applicable for a NR carrier.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the SCS numerology may beadaptive to a network configuration related to the terminal device. Forexample, a larger SCS may be specified or configured for higher speedcases. As such, the wireless network may be able to flexibly adaptdifferent SCS numerologies for multiple scenarios where different SCSvalues may be allowable.

In accordance with some exemplary embodiments, there may be two schemesto indicate a SCS numerology for a SSB of a NR carrier for a NR NSAscenario. In Scheme I, a new LTE SIB 2N information element may bedesigned as below by defining a field comprising a bit (which is denotedby “ENUMERATED” in a “subcarrierSpacing” field, as shown in the box) foreach neighboring NR carrier to indicate the SCS numerology for the SSBof the corresponding neighboring NR carrier. The SIB 2N informationelement is a new SIB defined in LTE which may contain inter-RAT cellreselection information about NR frequencies and NR neighbor cells.

SystemInformationBlockType2N information element -- ASN1STARTSystemInformationBlockType2N-r15 ::=     SEQUENCE {  carrierFreqListNR CarrierFreqListNR-r15     OPTIONAL,  -- Need OR lateNonCriticalExtension     OCTET STRING ( )     OPTIONAL,  ... }CarrierFreqListNR-r15 ::=  SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNR-Carrier-r15))  OFCarrierFreqNR-r15 CarrierFreqNR-r15 ::= SEQUENCE {  -- FFS which EUTRAfunctions to support like reduced measurement performance, MFBI, .. carrierFreq        ARFCN-ValueUTRA,  subcarrierSpacing ENUMERATED(0,1) allowedMeasBandwidth     AllowedMeasBandwidth,  presenceAntennaPort1    PresenceAntennaPort1,  neighCellConfig    NeighCellConfig, cellReselectionPriority CellReselectionPriority    OPTIONAL,  -- NeedOP  q-OffsetFreq    Q-OffsetRange    DEFAULT dB0,  q-RxLevMin    INTEGER(−60..−13),  p-MaxNR  INTEGER (−50..33),  q-QualMin-r9  Q-QualMin-r9OPTIONAL,  -- Need OP  threshX-High     ReselectionThreshold, threshX-Low    ReselectionThreshold,  threshX-Q-r9  SEQUENCE {   threshX-HighQ-r9      ReselectionThresholdQ-r9,    threshX-LowQ-r9     ReselectionThresholdQ-r9   } OPTIONAL -- Cond RSRQ  t-ReselectionNR  T-Reselection,  t-ReselectionSF-NR  SpeedStateScaleFactors   OPTIONAL,-- Need OP  interFreqNeighCellList  InterFreqNeighCellList    OPTIONAL, -- Need OR  interFreqBlackCellList  InterFreqBlackCellList    OPTIONAL, -- Need OR  ..., } -- ASN1STOP

In Scheme II, a new MeasObjectNR information element in a RRC connectionreconfiguration message may be designed as below by defining a fieldcomprising a bit (which is denoted by “ENUMERATED” in a“subcarrierSpacing” field, as shown in the box) for a specific NRcarrier. As such, when a LTE eNB would like a UE to measure a specificNR frequency, the MeasObjectNR information element may be used toindicate the SCS numerology for the SSB of the corresponding NR carrier.The MeasObjectNR information element may specify information applicablefor inter-RAT NR neighboring cells.

MeasObjectNR information element -- ASN1START MeasObjectNR ::= SEQUENCE{  carrierFreq    ARFCN-ValueNR,  subcarrierSpacing ENUMERATED(0,1) offsetFreq   Q-OffsetRangeInterRAT  DEFAULT 0,  cellsToRemoveList  CellIndexList OPTIONAL, -- Need ON  cellsToAddModListCellsToAddModListNR,  cellForWhichToReportCGI   PhysCellIdNR OPTIONAL,-- Need ON  -- TBC whether no other (inter-RAT/ EUTRA)functionality isbe supported for NR cells  ... } CellsToAddModListNR ::= SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..maxCellMeas)) OF CellsToAddModNR CellsToAddModNR ::= SEQUENCE { cellIndex INTEGER (1..maxCellMeas),  physCellId  PhysCellIdNR }CSG-AllowedReportingCells-r9 ::=  SEQUENCE { physCellIdRangeUTRA-FDDList-r9  PhysCellIdRangeUTRA-FDDList-r9 OPTIONAL-- Need OR } -- ASN1STOP

In accordance with some exemplary embodiments, the subCarrierSpacingfield as defined in Scheme I or Scheme II may comprise 1 bit to provideinformation related to the SCS numerology for the SSB of the specificfrequency. For example, setting the bit as “0” may indicate that the 15kHz SCS is used for the SSB in band below 6 GHz and the 120 kHz SCS isused for the SSB in band above 6 GHz. Correspondingly, setting the bitas “1” may indicate that the 30 kHz SCS is used for the SSB in bandbelow 6 GHz and the 240 kHz SCS is used for the SSB in band above 6 GHz.If there is no signaling broadcasted, the default SCS may be used. Itwill be appreciated that this bit also may be set as other values whichare suitable for indicating the SCS numerology for the SSB of thespecific frequency.

Thus it can be seen that for the NSA scenario, a UE can know the SCSnumerology of a NR frequency according to Scheme I, even this UE has notbeen connected to a LTE eNB, for example, when the UE is in idle mode.On the other hand, according to Scheme II, a UE can know the SCSnumerology of a NR frequency when this UE is connected to a LTE eNB, forexample, in the case that the UE is in a connected mode.

For the NR SA scenario, an approach similar to Scheme II can be used toindicate a SCS numerology for a SSB of a frequency/band by a gNB for aRRC connected UE. For example, a subcarrierSpacing field as described inScheme II may be added in a MeasObjectNR information element in the NRSA scenario to indicate the SCS numerology of the SSB of the frequencywhich the gNB wants the UE to measure.

It will be realized that parameters, variables and settings related tothe SCS numerology described herein are just examples. Other suitableparameter settings, the associated configuration parameters and thespecific values thereof may also be applicable to implement the proposedmethods.

The proposed solution according to one or more exemplary embodiments mayenable the SCS information for a specific frequency band to be indicatedto a terminal device by a network node, so that the terminal device mayknow the SCS numerology for the SS transmission on the specificfrequency band, and thus can perform SS detection more efficiently. Forexample, a UE may be able to detect a NR cell via a single SCS per band,thereby avoiding blind SCS detection and reducing the UE complexity, thepower consumption, and the time required to access a NR cell. Besides,the proposed solution may provide the possibility to adapt a proper SCSnumerology for a specific scenario. For example, the network may be ableto flexibly adapt different SCS numerologies for various scenarios.

The various blocks shown in FIGS. 3-4 may be viewed as method steps,and/or as operations that result from operation of computer programcode, and/or as a plurality of coupled logic circuit elementsconstructed to carry out the associated function(s). The schematic flowchart diagrams described above are generally set forth as logical flowchart diagrams. As such, the depicted order and labeled steps areindicative of specific embodiments of the presented methods. Other stepsand methods may be conceived that are equivalent in function, logic, oreffect to one or more steps, or portions thereof, of the illustratedmethods. Additionally, the order in which a particular method occurs mayor may not strictly adhere to the order of the corresponding stepsshown.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus 500 according tovarious embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, theapparatus 500 may comprise one or more processors such as processor 501and one or more memories such as memory 502 storing computer programcodes 503. The memory 502 may be non-transitorymachine/processor/computer readable storage medium. In someimplementations, the one or more memories 502 and the computer programcodes 503 may be configured to, with the one or more processors 501,cause the apparatus 500 at least to perform any operation of the methodas described in connection with FIG. 3. In other implementations, theone or more memories 502 and the computer program codes 503 may beconfigured to, with the one or more processors 501, cause the apparatus500 at least to perform any operation of the method as described inconnection with FIG. 4.

Alternatively or additionally, the one or more memories 502 and thecomputer program codes 503 may be configured to, with the one or moreprocessors 501, cause the apparatus 500 at least to perform more or lessoperations to implement the proposed methods according to the exemplaryembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus 600 according tosome embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, theapparatus 600 may comprise a receiving unit 601 and a determining unit602. In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 600 may be implemented ata terminal device such as a UE. The receiving unit 601 may be operableto carry out the operation in block 302, and the determining unit 602may be operable to carry out the operation in block 304. Optionally, thereceiving unit 601 and/or the determining unit 602 may be operable tocarry out more or less operations to implement the proposed methodsaccording to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus 700 according tosome embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, theapparatus 700 may comprise a determining unit 701 and a transmittingunit 702. In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 700 may beimplemented at a network node such as a base station. The determiningunit 701 may be operable to carry out the operation in block 402, andthe transmitting unit 702 may be operable to carry out the operation inblock 404. Optionally, the determining unit 701 and/or the transmittingunit 702 may be operable to carry out more or less operations toimplement the proposed methods according to the exemplary embodiments ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a telecommunication networkconnected via an intermediate network to a host computer in accordancewith some embodiments of the present disclosure.

With reference to FIG. 8, in accordance with an embodiment, acommunication system includes a telecommunication network 810, such as a3GPP-type cellular network, which comprises an access network 811, suchas a radio access network, and a core network 814. The access network811 comprises a plurality of base stations 812 a, 812 b, 812 c, such asNB s, eNBs, gNBs or other types of wireless access points, each defininga corresponding coverage area 813 a, 813 b, 813 c. Each base station 812a, 812 b, 812 c is connectable to the core network 814 over a wired orwireless connection 815. A first UE 891 located in a coverage area 813 cis configured to wirelessly connect to, or be paged by, thecorresponding base station 812 c. A second UE 892 in a coverage area 813a is wirelessly connectable to the corresponding base station 812 a.While a plurality of UEs 891, 892 are illustrated in this example, thedisclosed embodiments are equally applicable to a situation where a soleUE is in the coverage area or where a sole UE is connecting to thecorresponding base station 812.

The telecommunication network 810 is itself connected to a host computer830, which may be embodied in the hardware and/or software of astandalone server, a cloud-implemented server, a distributed server oras processing resources in a server farm. A host computer 830 may beunder the ownership or control of a service provider, or may be operatedby the service provider or on behalf of the service provider.Connections 821 and 822 between the telecommunication network 810 andthe host computer 830 may extend directly from the core network 814 tothe host computer 830 or may go via an optional intermediate network820. An intermediate network 820 may be one of, or a combination of morethan one of, a public, private or hosted network; the intermediatenetwork 820, if any, may be a backbone network or the Internet; inparticular, the intermediate network 820 may comprise two or moresub-networks (not shown).

The communication system of FIG. 8 as a whole enables connectivitybetween the connected UEs 891, 892 and the host computer 830. Theconnectivity may be described as an over-the-top (OTT) connection 850.The host computer 830 and the connected UEs 891, 892 are configured tocommunicate data and/or signaling via the OTT connection 850, using theaccess network 811, the core network 814, any intermediate network 820and possible further infrastructure (not shown) as intermediaries. TheOTT connection 850 may be transparent in the sense that theparticipating communication devices through which the OTT connection 850passes are unaware of routing of uplink and downlink communications. Forexample, the base station 812 may not or need not be informed about thepast routing of an incoming downlink communication with data originatingfrom the host computer 830 to be forwarded (e.g., handed over) to aconnected UE 891. Similarly, the base station 812 need not be aware ofthe future routing of an outgoing uplink communication originating fromthe UE 891 towards the host computer 830.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a host computer communicating viaa base station with a UE over a partially wireless connection inaccordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Example implementations, in accordance with an embodiment, of the UE,base station and host computer discussed in the preceding paragraphswill now be described with reference to FIG. 9. In a communicationsystem 900, a host computer 910 comprises hardware 915 including acommunication interface 916 configured to set up and maintain a wired orwireless connection with an interface of a different communicationdevice of the communication system 900. The host computer 910 furthercomprises a processing circuitry 918, which may have storage and/orprocessing capabilities. In particular, the processing circuitry 918 maycomprise one or more programmable processors, application-specificintegrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays or combinations ofthese (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. The host computer 910further comprises software 911, which is stored in or accessible by thehost computer 910 and executable by the processing circuitry 918. Thesoftware 911 includes a host application 912. The host application 912may be operable to provide a service to a remote user, such as UE 930connecting via an OTT connection 950 terminating at the UE 930 and thehost computer 910. In providing the service to the remote user, the hostapplication 912 may provide user data which is transmitted using the OTTconnection 950.

The communication system 900 further includes a base station 920provided in a telecommunication system and comprising hardware 925enabling it to communicate with the host computer 910 and with the UE930. The hardware 925 may include a communication interface 926 forsetting up and maintaining a wired or wireless connection with aninterface of a different communication device of the communicationsystem 900, as well as a radio interface 927 for setting up andmaintaining at least a wireless connection 970 with the UE 930 locatedin a coverage area (not shown in FIG. 9) served by the base station 920.The communication interface 926 may be configured to facilitate aconnection 960 to the host computer 910. The connection 960 may bedirect or it may pass through a core network (not shown in FIG. 9) ofthe telecommunication system and/or through one or more intermediatenetworks outside the telecommunication system. In the embodiment shown,the hardware 925 of the base station 920 further includes a processingcircuitry 928, which may comprise one or more programmable processors,application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arraysor combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions.The base station 920 further has software 921 stored internally oraccessible via an external connection.

The communication system 900 further includes the UE 930 alreadyreferred to. Its hardware 935 may include a radio interface 937configured to set up and maintain a wireless connection 970 with a basestation serving a coverage area in which the UE 930 is currentlylocated. The hardware 935 of the UE 930 further includes a processingcircuitry 938, which may comprise one or more programmable processors,application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arraysor combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions.The UE 930 further comprises software 931, which is stored in oraccessible by the UE 930 and executable by the processing circuitry 938.The software 931 includes a client application 932. The clientapplication 932 may be operable to provide a service to a human ornon-human user via the UE 930, with the support of the host computer910. In the host computer 910, an executing host application 912 maycommunicate with the executing client application 932 via the OTTconnection 950 terminating at the UE 930 and the host computer 910. Inproviding the service to the user, the client application 932 mayreceive request data from the host application 912 and provide user datain response to the request data. The OTT connection 950 may transferboth the request data and the user data. The client application 932 mayinteract with the user to generate the user data that it provides.

It is noted that the host computer 910, the base station 920 and the UE930 illustrated in FIG. 9 may be similar or identical to the hostcomputer 830, one of base stations 812 a, 812 b, 812 c and one of UEs891, 892 of FIG. 8, respectively. This is to say, the inner workings ofthese entities may be as shown in FIG. 9 and independently, thesurrounding network topology may be that of FIG. 8.

In FIG. 9, the OTT connection 950 has been drawn abstractly toillustrate the communication between the host computer 910 and the UE930 via the base station 920, without explicit reference to anyintermediary devices and the precise routing of messages via thesedevices. Network infrastructure may determine the routing, which it maybe configured to hide from the UE 930 or from the service provideroperating the host computer 910, or both. While the OTT connection 950is active, the network infrastructure may further take decisions bywhich it dynamically changes the routing (e.g., on the basis of loadbalancing consideration or reconfiguration of the network).

Wireless connection 970 between the UE 930 and the base station 920 isin accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughoutthis disclosure. One or more of the various embodiments improve theperformance of OTT services provided to the UE 930 using the OTTconnection 950, in which the wireless connection 970 forms the lastsegment. More precisely, the teachings of these embodiments may improvethe latency and the power consumption, and thereby provide benefits suchas lower complexity, reduced time required to access a cell, betterresponsiveness, extended battery lifetime, etc.

A measurement procedure may be provided for the purpose of monitoringdata rate, latency and other factors on which the one or moreembodiments improve. There may further be an optional networkfunctionality for reconfiguring the OTT connection 950 between the hostcomputer 910 and the UE 930, in response to variations in themeasurement results. The measurement procedure and/or the networkfunctionality for reconfiguring the OTT connection 950 may beimplemented in software 911 and hardware 915 of the host computer 910 orin software 931 and hardware 935 of the UE 930, or both. In embodiments,sensors (not shown) may be deployed in or in association withcommunication devices through which the OTT connection 950 passes; thesensors may participate in the measurement procedure by supplying valuesof the monitored quantities exemplified above, or supplying values ofother physical quantities from which the software 911, 931 may computeor estimate the monitored quantities. The reconfiguring of the OTTconnection 950 may include message format, retransmission settings,preferred routing etc.; the reconfiguring need not affect the basestation 920, and it may be unknown or imperceptible to the base station920. Such procedures and functionalities may be known and practiced inthe art. In certain embodiments, measurements may involve proprietary UEsignaling facilitating the host computer 910's measurements ofthroughput, propagation times, latency and the like. The measurementsmay be implemented in that the software 911 and 931 causes messages tobe transmitted, in particular empty or ‘dummy’ messages, using the OTTconnection 950 while it monitors propagation times, errors etc.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment. Thecommunication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UEwhich may be those described with reference to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. Forsimplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to FIG. 10will be included in this section. In step 1010, the host computerprovides user data. In substep 1011 (which may be optional) of step1010, the host computer provides the user data by executing a hostapplication. In step 1020, the host computer initiates a transmissioncarrying the user data to the UE. In step 1030 (which may be optional),the base station transmits to the UE the user data which was carried inthe transmission that the host computer initiated, in accordance withthe teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure.In step 1040 (which may also be optional), the UE executes a clientapplication associated with the host application executed by the hostcomputer.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment. Thecommunication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UEwhich may be those described with reference to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. Forsimplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to FIG. 11will be included in this section. In step 1110 of the method, the hostcomputer provides user data. In an optional substep (not shown) the hostcomputer provides the user data by executing a host application. In step1120, the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user datato the UE. The transmission may pass via the base station, in accordancewith the teachings of the embodiments described throughout thisdisclosure. In step 1130 (which may be optional), the UE receives theuser data carried in the transmission.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment. Thecommunication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UEwhich may be those described with reference to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. Forsimplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to FIG. 12will be included in this section. In step 1210 (which may be optional),the UE receives input data provided by the host computer. Additionallyor alternatively, in step 1220, the UE provides user data. In substep1221 (which may be optional) of step 1220, the UE provides the user databy executing a client application. In substep 1211 (which may beoptional) of step 1210, the UE executes a client application whichprovides the user data in reaction to the received input data providedby the host computer. In providing the user data, the executed clientapplication may further consider user input received from the user.Regardless of the specific manner in which the user data was provided,the UE initiates, in substep 1230 (which may be optional), transmissionof the user data to the host computer. In step 1240 of the method, thehost computer receives the user data transmitted from the UE, inaccordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughoutthis disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in acommunication system, in accordance with an embodiment. Thecommunication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UEwhich may be those described with reference to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. Forsimplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to FIG. 13will be included in this section. In step 1310 (which may be optional),in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughoutthis disclosure, the base station receives user data from the UE. Instep 1320 (which may be optional), the base station initiatestransmission of the received user data to the host computer. In step1330 (which may be optional), the host computer receives the user datacarried in the transmission initiated by the base station.

In general, the various exemplary embodiments may be implemented inhardware or special purpose chips, circuits, software, logic or anycombination thereof. For example, some aspects may be implemented inhardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or softwarewhich may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computingdevice, although the disclosure is not limited thereto. While variousaspects of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may beillustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using someother pictorial representation, it is well understood that these blocks,apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may beimplemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware,special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware orcontroller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

As such, it should be appreciated that at least some aspects of theexemplary embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced in variouscomponents such as integrated circuit chips and modules. It should thusbe appreciated that the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may berealized in an apparatus that is embodied as an integrated circuit,where the integrated circuit may comprise circuitry (as well as possiblyfirmware) for embodying at least one or more of a data processor, adigital signal processor, baseband circuitry and radio frequencycircuitry that are configurable so as to operate in accordance with theexemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

It should be appreciated that at least some aspects of the exemplaryembodiments of the disclosure may be embodied in computer-executableinstructions, such as in one or more program modules, executed by one ormore computers or other devices. Generally, program modules includeroutines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. thatperform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data typeswhen executed by a processor in a computer or other device. The computerexecutable instructions may be stored on a computer readable medium suchas a hard disk, optical disk, removable storage media, solid statememory, random access memory (RAM), etc. As will be appreciated by oneof skill in the art, the function of the program modules may be combinedor distributed as desired in various embodiments. In addition, thefunction may be embodied in whole or partly in firmware or hardwareequivalents such as integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays(FPGA), and the like.

The present disclosure includes any novel feature or combination offeatures disclosed herein either explicitly or any generalizationthereof. Various modifications and adaptations to the foregoingexemplary embodiments of this disclosure may become apparent to thoseskilled in the relevant arts in view of the foregoing description, whenread in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, any and allmodifications will still fall within the scope of the non-limiting andexemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

1-44. (canceled)
 45. A method implemented at a user equipment,comprising: receiving a signaling message from a network node, whereinthe signaling message indicates a subcarrier spacing numerology for asynchronization signal transmission; and determining the subcarrierspacing numerology, based at least in part on the signaling message. 46.The method according to claim 45, wherein the signaling messagecomprises a broadcast signaling message.
 47. The method according toclaim 45, wherein the signaling message comprises an information elementassociated with cell reselection or an information element associatedwith frequency measurement.
 48. The method according to claim 45,wherein the signaling message comprises a dedicated signaling messagefor the user equipment.
 49. The method according to claim 45, whereinthe signaling message comprises an indicator for indicating thesubcarrier spacing numerology for the synchronization signaltransmission in a specified frequency band.
 50. The method according toclaim 45, further comprising: detecting the synchronization signaltransmission according to the determined subcarrier spacing numerology.51. The method according to claim 45, wherein the signaling message is aradio resource control connection reconfiguration message.
 52. Themethod according to claim 45, wherein the signaling message comprises aMeasObjectNR information element that indicates the subcarrier spacingnumerology for the synchronization signal transmission.
 53. Anapparatus, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memoriescomprising computer program codes, the one or more memories and thecomputer program codes configured to, with the one or more processors,cause the apparatus at least to: receive a signaling message from anetwork node, wherein the signaling message indicates a subcarrierspacing numerology for a synchronization signal transmission; anddetermine the subcarrier spacing numerology, based at least in part onthe signaling message.
 54. The apparatus according to claim 53, whereinthe signaling message comprises a broadcast signaling message.
 55. Theapparatus according to claim 53, wherein the signaling message comprisesan information element associated with cell reselection or aninformation element associated with frequency measurement.
 56. Theapparatus according to claim 53, wherein the signaling message comprisesa dedicated signaling message for the apparatus.
 57. The apparatusaccording to claim 53, wherein the signaling message comprises anindicator for indicating the subcarrier spacing numerology for thesynchronization signal transmission in a specified frequency band. 58.The apparatus according to any of claim 53, wherein the one or morememories and the computer program codes are configured to, with the oneor more processors, cause the apparatus at least further to: detect thesynchronization signal transmission according to the determinedsubcarrier spacing numerology.
 59. The apparatus according to claim 53,wherein the signaling message is a radio resource control connectionreconfiguration message.
 60. The apparatus according to claim 53,wherein the signaling message comprises a MeasObjectNR informationelement that indicates the subcarrier spacing numerology for thesynchronization signal transmission.
 61. A method implemented at anetwork node, comprising: determining a signaling message whichindicates a subcarrier spacing numerology for a synchronization signaltransmission; and transmitting the signaling message to a userequipment.
 62. The method according to claim 61, wherein the signalingmessage comprises a MeasObjectNR information element that indicates thesubcarrier spacing numerology for the synchronization signaltransmission.
 63. An apparatus, comprising: one or more processors; andone or more memories comprising computer program codes, the one or morememories and the computer program codes configured to, with the one ormore processors, cause the apparatus at least to: determine a signalingmessage which indicates a subcarrier spacing numerology for asynchronization signal transmission; and transmit the signaling messageto a user equipment.
 64. The apparatus according to claim 63, whereinthe signaling message comprises a broadcast signaling message.
 65. Theapparatus according to claim 63, wherein the signaling message comprisesan information element associated with cell reselection or aninformation element associated with frequency measurement.
 66. Theapparatus according to claim 63, wherein the signaling message comprisesa dedicated signaling message for the user equipment.
 67. The apparatusaccording to claim 63, wherein the signaling message comprises anindicator for indicating the subcarrier spacing numerology for thesynchronization signal transmission in a specified frequency band. 68.The apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the subcarrier spacingnumerology is adaptive to a network configuration related to the userequipment.
 69. The apparatus according to claim 63, wherein thesignaling message is a radio resource control connection reconfigurationmessage.
 70. The apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the signalingmessage comprises a MeasObjectNR information element that indicates thesubcarrier spacing numerology for the synchronization signaltransmission.